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lithium

Input interpretation

lithium (chemical element)
lithium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

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Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Li atomic number | 3 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^1 Aufbau diagram | 2s block | s group | 1 period | 2 atomic mass | 6.94 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | Li atomic number | 3 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^1 Aufbau diagram | 2s block | s group | 1 period | 2 atomic mass | 6.94 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid melting point | 180.54 °C (rank: 80th) boiling point | 1342 °C (rank: 66th) critical temperature | 3223 K (rank: 1st) critical pressure | 67 MPa (rank: 2nd) molar heat of fusion | 3 kJ/mol (rank: 75th) molar heat of vaporization | 147 kJ/mol (rank: 61st) specific heat at STP | 3570 J/(kg K) (rank: 3rd) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid melting point | 180.54 °C (rank: 80th) boiling point | 1342 °C (rank: 66th) critical temperature | 3223 K (rank: 1st) critical pressure | 67 MPa (rank: 2nd) molar heat of fusion | 3 kJ/mol (rank: 75th) molar heat of vaporization | 147 kJ/mol (rank: 61st) specific heat at STP | 3570 J/(kg K) (rank: 3rd) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 0.535 g/cm^3 (rank: 85th) liquid density | 0.512 g/cm^3 molar volume | 13 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.6 (between talc and gypsum) bulk modulus | 11 GPa (rank: 57th) shear modulus | 4.2 GPa Young's modulus | 4.9 GPa (rank: 61st) ultimate tensile strength | 15 MPa (rank: 33rd) sound speed | 6000 m/s (rank: 5th) thermal expansion | 4.6×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 4th) thermal conductivity | 85 W/(m K) (rank: 23rd) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 0.535 g/cm^3 (rank: 85th) liquid density | 0.512 g/cm^3 molar volume | 13 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.6 (between talc and gypsum) bulk modulus | 11 GPa (rank: 57th) shear modulus | 4.2 GPa Young's modulus | 4.9 GPa (rank: 61st) ultimate tensile strength | 15 MPa (rank: 33rd) sound speed | 6000 m/s (rank: 5th) thermal expansion | 4.6×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 4th) thermal conductivity | 85 W/(m K) (rank: 23rd) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 9.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 1.37×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 2.56×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.78×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.93 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 7.085×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver)
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 9.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 1.37×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 2.56×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.78×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.93 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 7.085×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver)

Reactivity

valence | 1 electronegativity | 0.98 electron affinity | 59.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 520.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 520.2 kJ/mol | 7298.1 kJ/mol | 11815 kJ/mol
valence | 1 electronegativity | 0.98 electron affinity | 59.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 520.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 520.2 kJ/mol | 7298.1 kJ/mol | 11815 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) atomic radius | 145 pm covalent radius | 128 pm van der Waals radius | 182 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) atomic radius | 145 pm covalent radius | 128 pm van der Waals radius | 182 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral lithium atomic spectrum)
(neutral lithium atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 6×10^-7 mass% (rank: 44th) solar abundance | 6×10^-9 mass% (rank: 74th) meteorite abundance | 1.7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 35th) crust abundance | 0.0017 mass% (rank: 34th) ocean abundance | 1.8×10^-5 mass% (rank: 17th) human abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% (rank: 36th) universe molar abundance | 1×10^-7 mol% (rank: 27th) solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-10 mol% (rank: 53rd) meteorite molar abundance | 4.6×10^-4 mol% (rank: 25th) ocean molar abundance | 1.6×10^-5 mol% (rank: 16th) crust molar abundance | 0.005 mol% (rank: 21st) human molar abundance | 2.7×10^-6 mol% (rank: 25th)
universe abundance | 6×10^-7 mass% (rank: 44th) solar abundance | 6×10^-9 mass% (rank: 74th) meteorite abundance | 1.7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 35th) crust abundance | 0.0017 mass% (rank: 34th) ocean abundance | 1.8×10^-5 mass% (rank: 17th) human abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% (rank: 36th) universe molar abundance | 1×10^-7 mol% (rank: 27th) solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-10 mol% (rank: 53rd) meteorite molar abundance | 4.6×10^-4 mol% (rank: 25th) ocean molar abundance | 1.6×10^-5 mol% (rank: 16th) crust molar abundance | 0.005 mol% (rank: 21st) human molar abundance | 2.7×10^-6 mol% (rank: 25th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Li-7 (92.41%) | Li-6 (7.59%) nuclear spin | Li-4: 2^- | Li-5: 3/2^- | Li-6: 1^+ | Li-7: 3/2^- | Li-8: 2^+ | Li-9: 3/2^- | Li-11: 3/2^- unstable isotopes | Li-8 (839.9 ms) | Li-9 (178.3 ms) | Li-11 (8.59 ms) | Li-12 (10 ns) | Li-10 (2 zs) | Li-5 (0.3 zs) | Li-4 (0.0757 zs) neutron cross-section | 71 b
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Li-7 (92.41%) | Li-6 (7.59%) nuclear spin | Li-4: 2^- | Li-5: 3/2^- | Li-6: 1^+ | Li-7: 3/2^- | Li-8: 2^+ | Li-9: 3/2^- | Li-11: 3/2^- unstable isotopes | Li-8 (839.9 ms) | Li-9 (178.3 ms) | Li-11 (8.59 ms) | Li-12 (10 ns) | Li-10 (2 zs) | Li-5 (0.3 zs) | Li-4 (0.0757 zs) neutron cross-section | 71 b

Identifiers

CAS number | 7439-93-2 PubChem CID number | 3028194
CAS number | 7439-93-2 PubChem CID number | 3028194

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