Input interpretation
hydrogen chloride + magnesium oxide ⟶ water + magnesium chloride
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H, Mg and O: Cl: | c_1 = 2 c_4 H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Mg: | c_2 = c_4 O: | c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
hydrogen chloride + magnesium oxide ⟶ water + magnesium chloride
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| hydrogen chloride | magnesium oxide | water | magnesium chloride molecular enthalpy | -92.3 kJ/mol | -601.6 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -641.3 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -184.6 kJ/mol | -601.6 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -641.3 kJ/mol | H_initial = -786.2 kJ/mol | | H_final = -927.1 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -927.1 kJ/mol - -786.2 kJ/mol = -140.9 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| hydrogen chloride | magnesium oxide | water | magnesium chloride molecular free energy | -95.3 kJ/mol | -569.3 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -591.8 kJ/mol total free energy | -190.6 kJ/mol | -569.3 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -591.8 kJ/mol | G_initial = -759.9 kJ/mol | | G_final = -828.9 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -828.9 kJ/mol - -759.9 kJ/mol = -69 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| hydrogen chloride | magnesium oxide | water | magnesium chloride Hill formula | ClH | MgO | H_2O | Cl_2Mg name | hydrogen chloride | magnesium oxide | water | magnesium chloride IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | oxomagnesium | water | magnesium dichloride
Substance properties
| hydrogen chloride | magnesium oxide | water | magnesium chloride molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 40.304 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 95.2 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | 2852 °C | 0 °C | 714 °C boiling point | -85 °C | 3600 °C | 99.9839 °C | density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 3.58 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 2.32 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | | | soluble surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | odorless | odorless |
Units
