Input interpretation
noble metals
Members
ruthenium | rhodium | palladium | silver | rhenium | osmium | iridium | platinum | gold | mercury (total: 10)
Periodic table location
Periodic table location
Images
Images
Basic elemental properties
atomic symbol | all | Ag | Au | Hg | Ir | Os | Pd | Pt | Re | Rh | Ru atomic number | median | 75.5 | highest | 80 (mercury) | lowest | 44 (ruthenium) | distribution | block | all | d group | all | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 period | all | 5 | 6 atomic mass | median | 188.22 u | highest | 200.592 u (mercury) | lowest | 101.07 u (ruthenium) | distribution |
Thermodynamic properties
phase at STP | all | liquid | solid melting point | median | 1866 °C | highest | 3186 °C (rhenium) | lowest | -38.83 °C (mercury) | distribution | boiling point | median | 3760 °C | highest | 5596 °C (rhenium) | lowest | 356.73 °C (mercury) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 21 kJ/mol | highest | 33 kJ/mol (rhenium) | lowest | 2.29 kJ/mol (mercury) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 493 kJ/mol | highest | 705 kJ/mol (rhenium) | lowest | 59.2 kJ/mol (mercury) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 138 J/(kg K) | highest | 240 J/(kg K) (rhodium and palladium) | lowest | 129.1 J/(kg K) (gold) (properties at standard conditions)
Material properties
density | median | 16.4 g/cm^3 | highest | 22.59 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 10.49 g/cm^3 (silver) | distribution | liquid density | median | 15.422 g/cm^3 | highest | 20 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 9.32 g/cm^3 (silver) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.855 cm^3/mol | highest | 14.821 cm^3/mol (mercury) | lowest | 8.171 cm^3/mol (ruthenium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 6 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (rhenium and osmium) | lowest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (silver and gold) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 216 MPa | 251 MPa | 461 MPa | 549 MPa | 1246 MPa | 1760 MPa | 2300 MPa | 2450 MPa | 4140 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 24.5 MPa | 37.3 MPa | 392 MPa | 1100 MPa | 1320 MPa | 1670 MPa | 2160 MPa | 2450 MPa | 3920 MPa bulk modulus | median | 220 GPa | highest | 380 GPa (rhodium) | lowest | 25 GPa (mercury) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 150 GPa | highest | 222 GPa (osmium) | lowest | 27 GPa (gold) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 222 GPa | highest | 528 GPa (iridium) | lowest | 78 GPa (gold) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.44 ultimate tensile strength | all | 120 MPa | 140 MPa | 180 MPa sound speed | median | 3900 m/s | highest | 5970 m/s (ruthenium) | lowest | 1407 m/s (mercury) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 8.5×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 1.81×10^-4 K^(-1) (mercury) | lowest | 5.1×10^-6 K^(-1) (osmium) thermal conductivity | median | 104 W/(m K) | highest | 430 W/(m K) (silver) | lowest | 8.3 W/(m K) (mercury) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)
Electromagnetic properties
resistivity | median | 7.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 9.6×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (mercury) | lowest | 1.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (silver) electrical conductivity | median | 1.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 6.2×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (silver) | lowest | 1×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (mercury) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 5.23×10^-5 | highest | 7.899×10^-4 (palladium) | lowest | -3.44×10^-5 (gold) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 3.11×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 6.57×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (palladium) | lowest | -2.27×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (silver) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 4.34×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 6.992×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (palladium) | lowest | -4.21×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (mercury) | distribution | work function | all | 4.47 eV | 4.71 eV | 4.72 eV | 4.98 eV | 5.93 eV | (4.52 to 4.74) eV | (5 to 5.76) eV | (5.12 to 5.93) eV | (5.22 to 5.6) eV | (5.31 to 5.47) eV superconducting point | median | 0.66 K (kelvins) | highest | 4.154 K (kelvins) (mercury) | lowest | 0.11 K (kelvins) (iridium) | distribution |
Reactivity
valence | median | 6 | highest | 7 (rhenium) | lowest | 1 (silver) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.54 (gold) | lowest | 1.9 (rhenium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 107.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 222.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gold) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (mercury) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 822 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1007.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (mercury) | lowest | 710.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (ruthenium) | distribution |
Atomic properties
term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3D_3 | ^4F_(9/2) | ^5D_4 | ^5F_5 | ^6S_(5/2) atomic radius | median | 135 pm | highest | 160 pm (silver) | lowest | 130 pm (ruthenium and osmium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 142 pm | highest | 151 pm (rhenium) | lowest | 132 pm (mercury) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 166 pm | highest | 175 pm (platinum) | lowest | 155 pm (mercury) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)
Abundances
universe abundance | median | 1.5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 5×10^-7 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 2×10^-8 mass% (rhenium) | distribution | solar abundance | median | 2×10^-7 mass% | highest | 2×10^-6 mass% (mercury) | lowest | 1×10^-8 mass% (rhenium) | distribution | meteorite abundance | median | 3.9×10^-5 mass% | highest | 9.8×10^-5 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 4.9×10^-6 mass% (rhenium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 2.8×10^-7 mass% | highest | 7.9×10^-6 mass% (silver) | lowest | 4×10^-8 mass% (iridium) | distribution | ocean abundance | median | 5×10^-9 mass% | highest | 1×10^-8 mass% (silver) | lowest | 7×10^-11 mass% (ruthenium) | distribution | universe molar abundance | median | 8.5×10^-10 mol% | highest | 5×10^-9 mol% (ruthenium) | lowest | 1×10^-10 mol% (rhenium) | distribution | solar molar abundance | median | 2×10^-9 mol% | highest | 1.2×10^-8 mol% (mercury) | lowest | 5×10^-11 mol% (rhenium) | distribution | meteorite molar abundance | median | 5×10^-6 mol% | highest | 1.6×10^-5 mol% (ruthenium) | lowest | 5×10^-7 mol% (rhenium) | distribution | ocean molar abundance | median | 1.5×10^-10 mol% | highest | 5.7×10^-10 mol% (silver) | lowest | 3.3×10^-12 mol% (rhenium) crust molar abundance | median | 3×10^-8 mol% | highest | 2×10^-6 mol% (silver) | lowest | 5×10^-9 mol% (iridium) | distribution |