group 10 elements

group 10 elements

nickel | palladium | platinum | darmstadtium

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration nickel | Ni | 28 | [Ar]4s^23d^8 palladium | Pd | 46 | [Kr]4d^10 platinum | Pt | 78 | [Xe]6s^14f^145d^9 darmstadtium | Ds | 110 | [Rn]7s^15f^146d^9 | Aufbau diagram | block | group nickel | 3d 4s | d | 10 palladium | 4d | d | 10 platinum | 5d 4f 6s | d | 10 darmstadtium | 6d 5f 7s | d | 10 | period | atomic mass | half-life nickel | 4 | 58.6934 u | (stable) palladium | 5 | 106.42 u | (stable) platinum | 6 | 195.084 u | (stable) darmstadtium | 7 | 281 u | 4 min

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 1554.9 °C | highest | 1768.3 °C (platinum) | lowest | 1455 °C (nickel) | distribution | boiling point | median | 2963 °C | highest | 3825 °C (platinum) | lowest | 2913 °C (nickel) molar heat of fusion | median | 17.2 kJ/mol | highest | 20 kJ/mol (platinum) | lowest | 16.7 kJ/mol (palladium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 380 kJ/mol | highest | 490 kJ/mol (platinum) | lowest | 378 kJ/mol (nickel) specific heat at STP | median | 240 J/(kg K) | highest | 445 J/(kg K) (nickel) | lowest | 133 J/(kg K) (platinum) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 12.023 g/cm^3 | highest | 21.45 g/cm^3 (platinum) | lowest | 8.908 g/cm^3 (nickel) | distribution | liquid density | median | 10.38 g/cm^3 | highest | 19.77 g/cm^3 (platinum) | lowest | 7.81 g/cm^3 (nickel) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.851 cm^3/mol | highest | 9.095 cm^3/mol (platinum) | lowest | 6.589 cm^3/mol (nickel) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 4 | highest | 4.75 (between apatite and fluorite) (palladium) | lowest | 3.5 (between calcite and fluorite) (platinum) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 461 MPa | 549 MPa | 638 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 37.3 MPa | 392 MPa | 700 MPa bulk modulus | median | 180 GPa | highest | 230 GPa (platinum) | lowest | 180 GPa (nickel and palladium) shear modulus | median | 61 GPa | highest | 76 GPa (nickel) | lowest | 44 GPa (palladium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 168 GPa | highest | 200 GPa (nickel) | lowest | 121 GPa (palladium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.39 ultimate tensile strength | all | 180 MPa | 317 MPa sound speed | median | 3070 m/s | highest | 4970 m/s (nickel) | lowest | 2680 m/s (platinum) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 1.18×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 1.34×10^-5 K^(-1) (nickel) | lowest | 8.8×10^-6 K^(-1) (platinum) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 72 W/(m K) | highest | 91 W/(m K) (nickel) | lowest | 72 W/(m K) (palladium and platinum) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (platinum) | lowest | 7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (nickel) electrical conductivity | median | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 1.4×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (nickel) | lowest | 9.4×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (platinum) | distribution | work function | all | (5.04 to 5.35) eV | (5.12 to 5.93) eV | (5.22 to 5.6) eV

valence | median | 4 | highest | 6 (platinum) | lowest | 2 (nickel) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.28 (platinum) | lowest | 1.91 (nickel) electron affinity | median | 112 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 205.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (platinum) | lowest | 53.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (palladium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 804.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 870 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (platinum) | lowest | 737.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (nickel) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^3D_3 | ^3F_4 atomic radius | median | 135 pm | highest | 140 pm (palladium) | lowest | 135 pm (nickel and platinum) covalent radius | median | 136 pm | highest | 139 pm (palladium) | lowest | 124 pm (nickel) van der Waals radius | median | 163 pm | highest | 175 pm (platinum) | lowest | 163 pm (nickel and palladium) (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 0.006 mass% (nickel) | lowest | 2×10^-7 mass% (palladium) solar abundance | median | 6×10^-7 mass% | highest | 0.008 mass% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mass% (darmstadtium) meteorite abundance | median | 8.2×10^-5 mass% | highest | 1.3 mass% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mass% (darmstadtium) crust abundance | median | 2.2×10^-6 mass% | highest | 0.0089 mass% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mass% (darmstadtium) universe molar abundance | median | 3×10^-9 mol% | highest | 1×10^-4 mol% (nickel) | lowest | 2×10^-9 mol% (palladium) solar molar abundance | median | 5×10^-9 mol% | highest | 2×10^-4 mol% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mol% (darmstadtium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 1.1×10^-5 mol% | highest | 0.44 mol% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mol% (darmstadtium) crust molar abundance | median | 2.5×10^-7 mol% | highest | 0.0032 mol% (nickel) | lowest | 0 mol% (darmstadtium)